Data Privacy Day - What it Means for Your Organization

What this means for your organization

If your organization does business with any organizations or individuals in the EU, you have already had to make significant changes to how you process, manage, and store the data of EU residents. Prepare now to provide many of the same sorts of protection to your US and Canadian customers. Here is a quick checklist of the things you will need to do:

1.     Implement a comprehensive, integrated security strategy. It has been said that there cannot be any data privacy without good data security. Because of that, you have to start by ensuring that any PII data your organization touches is secured from the moment it enters your network to the moment it leaves. This includes applying security measures and policies that can seamlessly identify, follow, and secure data as it moves between network domains and devices, including across multi-cloud or SD-WAN environments, as well as into your storage area network (SAN).

Security plays a critical role in helping you know where every bit of data is located and who and what has access to it. An integrated security framework allows all security components to see other devices, share and correlate information between them, and participate in a coordinated threat response. It needs to be woven into and across every aspect of your evolving network to enable things like unified policy creation, centralized orchestration, and consistent enforcement. This approach allows you to extend visibility deep into your infrastructure to see every device, track every application and workflow, and more importantly, see and secure all data. It also allows you to demonstrate compliance with regards to protected privacy requirements and the verification of its secure storage, use, and removal.

2.     Change what and how you collect PII data. New privacy laws such as GDPR define individuals as the sole owners of their data, and not businesses or institutions. As a result, these individuals must be able to withdraw their consent to the collection of their data as quickly and easily as it was given. This will require organizations to collect only the minimum amount of data needed for a specific purpose, and to then be able to completely remove it when it is no longer needed. 

3.     Reorganize your data so that PII can be easily identified, flagged, and deleted. Be prepared to demonstrate to compliance officials that you can prevent specific data from being shared or sold to third parties and that you can remove all instantiations of an individual's PII regardless of where it is being stored or used. For larger organizations, this is not a trivial task. It will require significant retooling of databases, rewriting software applications and websites, and redesigning internal processes to simplify and accelerate internal processes to identify all data related to a single customer. The GDPR’s “right to be forgotten” (RTBF) means that data needs to be found and removed quickly and easily, rather than relying on humans to hunt for each instance of personal information scattered across your distributed network.

4.     Encrypt PII to ensure that if possesses no risk if compromised.  You should consider encrypting data in transit and at rest in your network.  Encryption negates the value of data if it is compromised.  But encrypting large volumes of data is no easy task.  Organizations should consider ability of encryption performance and any associated degradation of performance.

Summing Up

New and looming data privacy legislation reflects growing public concern about the protection and personal ownership of PII. Data Privacy Day is an urgent reminder that every organization that touches personal data needs to re-evaluate its IT security infrastructure. Are your IT security solutions able to effectively communicate, regardless of where they have been deployed, to optimally protect data and provide network-wide visibility? Does your network include sophisticated data-protection measures such as threat prevention and detection, pseudonymization of PII, and internal segmentation to isolate and track customer and employee data? And finally, have you documented, and more importantly, tested your data-breach response plan?

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Question 1

Which real time debug should an administrator enable to troubleshoot RADIUS authentication problems?

A: Diagnose debug application radius -1.
B: Diagnose debug application fnbamd -1.
C: Diagnose authd console –log enable.
D: Diagnose radius console –log enable.

Correct Answer: A

Question 2

An administrator has configured a FortiGate device with two VDOMs: root and internal. The administrator has also created and inter-VDOM link that connects both VDOMs. The objective is to have each VDOM advertise some routes to the other VDOM via OSPF through the inter-VDOM link. What OSPF configuration settings must match in both VDOMs to have the OSPF adjacency successfully forming? (Choose three.)

A: Router ID.
B: OSPF interface area.
C: OSPF interface cost.
D: OSPF interface MTU.
E: Interface subnet mask.

Correct Answer: BDE

Question 3

An administrator has configured a dial-up IPsec VPN with one phase 2, extended authentication (XAuth) and IKE mode configuration. The administrator has also enabled the IKE real time debug:
diagnose debug application ike-1
diagnose debug enable

In which order is each step and phase displayed in the debug output each time a new dial-up user is connecting to the VPN?

A: Phase1; IKE mode configuration; XAuth; phase 2.
B: Phase1; XAuth; IKE mode configuration; phase2.
C: Phase1; XAuth; phase 2; IKE mode configuration.
D: Phase1; IKE mode configuration; phase 2; XAuth.

Correct Answer: D

Question 4

Two independent FortiGate HA clusters are connected to the same broadcast domain. The administrator has reported that both clusters are using the same HA virtual MAC address. This creates a duplicated MAC address problem in the network. What HA setting must be changed in one of the HA clusters to fix the problem?

A: Group ID.
B: Group name.
C: Session pickup.
D: Gratuitous ARPs.

Correct Answer: A

Question 5

When does a RADIUS server send an Access-Challenge packet?

A: The server does not have the user credentials yet.
B: The server requires more information from the user, such as the token code for two-factor authentication.
C: The user credentials are wrong.
D: The user account is not found in the server.

Correct Answer: B

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Mobile Malware Attacks Are Prevalent - fortinet certifications

Fortinet® (NASDAQ: FTNT), a global leader in broad, integrated, and automated cybersecurity solutions, today announced the findings of its latest quarterly Global Threat Landscape Report. The research reveals threats are increasing and evolving to become more sophisticated. Unique threat variants and families are on the rise, while botnet infections continue to infect organizations. For a detailed view of the Threat Landscape Indices for exploits, botnets, and malware as well as some important takeaways for CISOs read the blog. Highlights of the report follow:

• Threat Development Continues to Be a Top Focus for Cybercriminals. Cybercriminals are not only expanding their attack arsenal but also developing new strategies for breaching defenses. Unique malware variants grew 43%, while the number of malware families grew by nearly 32%. The number of unique daily malware detections per firm also rose 62%. In line with these trends, unique exploits increased nearly 10% and the number of exploit detections per firm rose 37%. Cybercriminals continue to evolve threats by creating unique malware variants and families, demonstrating the ongoing importance of threat intelligence and assessment tools.
• Mobile Devices Remain a Target. Over one-quarter of organizations experienced a mobile malware attack, with the majority being on the Android operating system. In fact, of the threats organizations faced from all attack vectors, 14% of total malware alerts were Android related. By comparison, only .000311% of threats were targeted at Apple iOS. Mobile threats are a looming threat that must be addressed, especially as the mobile-shopping holiday season nears. These threats can become a gateway for corporate networks to be exploited. Criminals know mobile is an accessible target for infiltrating a network, and they are exploiting it.
• Cryptojacking is a Gateway to Other Attacks. Cryptojacking remains prevalent and continues to grow in scope. The number of platforms affected by cryptojacking jumped 38% and the number of unique signatures nearly doubled in the past year. These include new sophisticated platforms for advanced attackers as well as “as-a-service” platforms for novice criminals. IoT botnets are also increasingly leveraging cryptojacking exploits for their attack strategy. Although it is often considered to be a nuisance threat that simply hijacks unused CPU cycles, security leaders are realizing how cryptojacking can become a gateway for additional attacks. Underestimating the repercussions of cryptojacking places an organization under heightened risk.
• Percentage of Malicious Network Traffic is Higher on Weekends or Holidays. Data shows malicious network traffic represents a higher percentage of overall traffic on weekends and holidays as business traffic slows down significantly since many employees are not working during this time. For many organizations this may be an opportune time to sweep for malware because as the “haystack” of traffic becomes smaller, the chance of finding malicious “needles” is much greater. With cybercriminals using more automated and sophisticated techniques, any opportunity to increase visibility can be an advantage.
• Burstiness of Botnets. The botnet index rose only 2%, though the number of infection days per firm increased 34% from 7.6 days to 10.2 days. This may be an indication that botnets are becoming more sophisticated, difficult to detect, or harder to remove. It may also denote a failure to practice good cyber hygiene in general by some organizations. The importance of consistent security hygiene remains vital to thoroughly addressing the total scope of these attacks. Sometimes botnets can go dormant, only to return after normal business operations have resumed, if the root cause or “patient zero” is not determined.
• Encrypted Traffic Reaches a New Threshold. Encrypted traffic reached a new high, comprising 72% of all network traffic, up from 55% just one year ago. While encryption can certainly help protect data in motion as it moves between core, cloud, and endpoint environments, it also represents a challenge for traditional security solutions. The critical firewall and IPS performance limitations of some legacy security solutions continue to limit the ability of organizations to inspect encrypted data at business speeds. As a result, a growing percentage of this traffic is increasingly not analyzed for malicious activity, making it an ideal mechanism for criminals to spread malware or exfiltrate data.

Digital Change Requires a New Approach to Security

The threat data in this quarter’s report once again reinforces many of the threat prediction trends unveiled by the FortiGuard Labs global research team. To stay ahead of the ongoing efforts of cybercriminals, organizations need to transform their security strategies as part of their digital transformation efforts. Isolated, legacy security devices and poor security hygiene continue to be a formula for increased risk to today’s threat landscape as they do not provide adequate visibility or control. Instead, a security fabric that spans the entire expanded network environment and is integrated between each security element is vital to address today’s growing threat environment and to protect the expanding attack surface. This approach enables actionable threat intelligence to be shared at speed and scale, shrinks the necessary windows of detection, and provides the automated remediation required for today’s multi-vector exploits.

Report and Index Overview

The Fortinet Threat Landscape Report is a quarterly view that represents the collective intelligence of FortiGuard Labs drawn from Fortinet’s vast array of global sensors during Q3 2018. Research data covers global and regional perspectives. Also included in the report is the Fortinet Threat Landscape Index (TLI), comprised of individual indices for three central and complementary aspects of that landscape which are exploits, malware, and botnets, showing prevalence and volume in a given quarter. The report also examines important zero-day vulnerabilities and infrastructure trends to add context about the trajectory of cyberattacks affecting organizations over time.

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NSE7 Exam Description

The NSE 7 Network Security Architect designation identifies a candidate’s advanced skills in deploying, administering, and troubleshooting Fortinet security solutions.

Fortinet NSE7 Exam Requirements

• You must pass the Enterprise Firewall- FortiOS 5.4 exam

Who Should Attempt the NSE7 Certification Exam?

Networking and security professionals involved in the design, administration, and support of an enterprise security infrastructure using FortiGate devices.

The Enterprise Firewall course assumes advanced knowledge of networking, and extensive hand-on experience working with FortiGate, FortiManager, and FortiAnalyzer.

Certification

NSE 7 certification is achieved upon passing the Enterprise Firewall-FortiOS 5.4 exam.

The NSE 7 certification is valid for 2 years. 

Recertification

Candidate can renew their NSE 7 certification by taking the current NSE 7 exam

About the NSE7 Enterprise Firewall – FortiOS 5.4 exam

• Language: English and Japanese
• Number of questions: 30
• Time allowed to complete: 60 minutes total test time
• Score: Pass or fail
• Scoring Method: Your answers must be 100% correct for credit; no partial credit. There are no deductions for incorrect answers
• Type of questions: Multiple Choice, Multiple Select
• Time required between attempts: 15 days
• Transcript and Certificate: Upon passing the exam, your Fortinet NSE Institute transcript will be updated within five business days and you will be able to download a printable certificate from the NSE Institute

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